3: BLOOD SUGAR – The Hormones And Organs Involved In Blood Sugar Regulation

Welcome to The Nutritional Pearls Podcast! Focusing on topics that include digestion, adrenal fatigue, leaky gut, supplementation, electrolytes, stomach acid, and so much more, “The Nutritional Pearls Podcast” features Christine Moore, NTP and is hosted by Jimmy Moore, host of the longest running nutritional podcast on the Internet.  Sharing nuggets of wisdom from Christine’s training as a Nutritional Therapy Practitioner and Jimmy’s years of podcasting and authoring international bestselling health and nutrition books, they will feature a new topic of interest and fascination in the world of nutritional health each Monday. Listen in today as Christine and Jimmy dig deep into blood sugar regulation in Episode 3.

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Here’s what Christine and Jimmy talked about in Episode 3:

Normal Blood Sugar Regulation

1. Hormones involved in blood sugar regulation
A. Insulin
1. Secreted by the beta cells of the pancreas
2. stores glucose in cells
3. brings glucose to the liver so the liver can convert it to glycogen (glycogenesis)
B. Glucagon
1. produced by the alpha cells of the pancreas
2. helps maintain blood sugar levels between meals
3. creates “sugar” by glycogenolysis (breakdown of glycogen into glucose in the liver) and
gluconeogenesis
C. Cortisol
1. Adrenal hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex
2. released by the adrenal glands when blood sugar gets too low because glucagon is not
sufficient
3. mobilizes proteins to be converted to glucose
4. replenishes glycogen storage (glycogenesis)
5. Stimulates the breakdown of triglycerides and the release of fatty acids from adipose tissue
(lipolysis)
D. Epinephrine
1. Stimulates the liver to create glucose from proteins and some fats
2. Stimulates the liver to convert glycogen back to glucose to be released into the bloodstream
3. Increases heart rate and blood pressure
2. Three main organs in blood sugar regulation
A. Pancreas
1. Beta Cells release insulin when there is a need for glucose storage
2. Alpha Cells release glucagon when there is a need to make glucose
a. signals the liver to turn glycogen into glucose (glycogenolysis)
b. signals the liver to break down proteins into glucose (gluconeogenesis)
3. Delta Cells secrete the hormone somatostatin which inhibits gastric secretion
B. Liver
1. Creates ketones from fatty acids
2. Receives signals from the pancreas (insulin or Glucagon) to store or create glucose
3. Creates glucose from proteins and some fats
C. Adrenal Glands
1. Releases cortisol which mobilizes proteins to help glucose (gluconeogenesis); kicks in when
glucagon is not enough
2. Releases epinephrine which helps in emergency situations by increasing heart rate, blood flow
to the heart, muscles, and liver, dilates airways and determines our response to stress

Nutritional Pearl in Episode 3:
It’s important to keep blood sugar levels in normal ranges so the adrenal glands don’t get worn out

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